Summary of professional guidelines for reducing pressure drop
🔧 1. Design pipes for "smooth flow"
 • Optimal Velocity:
👉 Main Pipe: 1.5–2.4 m/s
 • Reduce Minor Loss with:
 • Long Radius Elbow
 • Reduce unnecessary fittings.
 • Use the correct Reducer (Concentric/Eccentric).
📌 Pipe is too small = ΔP jumps immediately.

⚙️ 2. Choose equipment with low loss.
 • Evaporator → Select Chiller ΔP low.
 • Control Valve → Use Ball / Butterfly instead of Globe.
 • Strainer → Select Low Loss Y-Strainer.
 • Avoid valves that are too small.

🔄 3. Use Variable Flow + VSD system.
 • Select the Variable Primary Flow (VPF) system.
 • The pump uses VSD (Inverter).
 • Reduce Flow according to Load → Reduce ΔP → Reduce Energy 20–50%
📌 Measure Pressure at the end of the system (DP Sensor)

🧭 4. Reverse Return Pipeline.
Pipe system Pressure Drop Balancing
Direct Return High Difficult
Reverse Return Lower Easy
👉 Large Plant → Reverse Return = Recommended option

⚖️ 5. Balance water correctly.
 • Water short circuit = Some loads are out of water.
 • Pump must push force = ΔP higher.
✅ Use Balancing Valve / PICV.
✅ Check actual flow (TAB)

🧹 6. Clean water = ΔP long-term reduction
 • Scale / Sludge → Slag blocks the road.
 • Take care:
 • Water Treatment
 • Blowdown / Cleaning
 • Wash the strainer on a regular basis.

📉 7. Summary table for reducing Pressure Drop.
Approach Effect on ΔP
Bigger pipe ↓↓↓
Reducing Fitting ↓↓
Low loss equipment ↓↓
Variable Flow + VSD ↓↓↓
Balance cheap water ↓↓
Clean water ↓ (long term)